温度对4种杂草种子萌发的影响

Temperature Effects on Seed Germination of Four Weeds

研究了20℃/15℃和25℃/20℃两种日波动温度对棒头草(Polypogon fugax Nees ex steud.)、大瓜草(Spergula arvensis L.)、红花月见草(Oenothera rosea L’Herit.ex Ait.)和紫茎泽兰(Eupatorium adenophorumSpreng.)种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数的作用。结果表明,4种杂草种子萌发对两种波动温度的反应存在差异。前4 d高温有利于棒头草种子萌发,而3 d以后,种子在低温时的发芽率均高于高温处理。前3 d高温促进大瓜草种子的发芽势,而4 d后两种温度下种子的发芽率维持不变,且低温处理的发芽率比高温处理高10%左右。红花月见草和紫茎泽兰种子萌发对温度的反应很相似,即在种子萌发的早期高温和低温种子发芽率差异很大,随着发芽时间的进一步延长,两种温度处理的发芽率逐渐接近。

Effects of the two kinds of diurnal fluctuate temperature（25 ℃/20 ℃ and 20 ℃/15 ℃） treatment on seed germinating rates,germinating energys and germinating indexes of the four weed species Polypogon fugax Nees ex steud.,Spergula arvensis L.,Oenothera rosea L＇ Herit.ex Ait.and Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng.were studied.The results show that responses of the four weeds＇ seed germination to the two kinds of temperature freatment are different.High temperature is useful for germination of P.fugax in the first 4 days,however,germination rate in low temperature is higher than that of high temperature freatment after 3 days.Germination energy of S.avensis is lower than that of low temperature freatment in the first 3 days,wherever,germination rate unchange after 3 days under two kinds of temperature freatment,and it is 10% higher under low temperature than that of high temperature.The seed germination response of O.rosea to temperature is similar to that of E.adenophorum,i.g.the seed germination rates of the two species under low temperature are quite different from that of high temperature freatment,and the germination rates of the two kinds of temperature freatment are similar gradually as the germination period of extension