诱导性多能干细胞研究技术的现状与前景

Progress and Perspective of the Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Technology

2006年Takahashi研究小组成功地将小鼠的胚胎成纤维细胞和鼠尾成纤维细胞重编成为诱导性多能干细胞(iPSC),开创了体细胞重编程的全新方法,所得iPSC具有和胚胎干细胞相似的生物学特性,不仅解决了人类胚胎干细胞研究所面临的伦理学困境和免疫排斥问题,而且进一步深化了对细胞多能性和基因组重编程的认识,再次掀起了干细胞研究的热潮。iPSC结合基因治疗和细胞治疗的成果已经应用到动物疾病模型上。iPSC能够自我更新并维持未分化状态,可分化为3个胚层来源的所有细胞,参与形成机体所有组织和器官,体外定向诱导能够分化出各种成体细胞,在理论研究和临床应用等方面都极具应用价值。但iPSC技术也存在一系列问题需要研究解决。

The induced pluripotent stem cells（iPSC） have been successfully reproduced from the somatic cells in variety of species since 2006.iPSC obtained using this advanced technology are similar to the embryonic stem cells in many respects,such as the self-renewal and pluripotency,which may allow researchers for basic researches and potential therapeutics without ethical concerns and immunogenic responses.Because of their plasticity,unlimit-ed self-renewal,and uncontroversial reproduction,iPSC have attracted more researchers back to the research.How-ever,there are still many key challenges needed to reslove for this technology.