医护人员工作倦怠与工作满意度现况调查及其影响因素

Cross-sectional Study on Job Bburnout,Job Satisfaction and Related Factors among Medical Workers

目的分析医护人员工作倦怠及工作满意度的影响因素。方法采用职业倦怠问卷(Maslach Burnout Inventory,MBI)及明尼苏达工作满意度问卷(Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire,MSQ)对辽宁省铁岭煤矿集团总医院的600名医护人员进行自填式问卷调查。结果 30～39岁年龄组及工作年数在10～19 a的医护人员的情绪衰竭、人格解体维度得分最高,分别为11.70±7.01、6.15±5.68和11.92±5.82、6.26±5.95;离异的医护人员个人成就感最低,得分为19.81±6.93。承担科主任或护士长管理职位的医护人员的工作倦怠度比未承担管理职位的医护人员低。高级技术职称的医护人员个人成就感明显高于初级职称者,没有夜班的医护人员在总体工作满意度上得分明显高于有夜班人员。医患关系严重紧张的医护人员的情绪衰竭、人格解体维度得分高于一般紧张的医护人员,而工作满意度得分低于一般紧张的医护人员。医护人员的工作满意度与情绪衰竭、人格解体、离职意愿呈负相关关系,而与个人成就感呈正相关关系。结论年龄、工作年数、婚姻状况、管理职务、技术职称、夜班工作、医患关系都影响到医护人员的工作倦怠及工作满意度。医护人员的工作倦怠及工作满意度影响离职意愿。

[Objective] To analyze the influencing factors of job burnout and job satisfaction of medical workers. [Methods]Maslach Burnout Inventory（MBI） and Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire（MSQ） were applied to investigate 600 medical workers in Tieling Coal Group General Hospital of Liaoning Province. [Results]Medical workers aged 30~39 and worked for 10~19 years had the highest scores in emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scale which were 11.70±7.01,6.15±5.68 and 11.92±5.82,6.26±5.95,respectively.Divorced workers had the lowest personal accomplishment scores（19.81±6.93）.Workers in management positions such as director or head nurse had lower scores on job burnout,compared to workers not in management positions.Workers with senior technical titles had higher scores on personal accomplishment,compared to workers with primary technical titles.Workers without shift work had higher job satisfaction scores,compared to workers with shift work.Workers who experienced poor doctor-patient relationship had higher scores on emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scale and lower scores on personal accomplishment and job satisfaction.Job satisfaction score was negatively related with emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and turnover intention and positively related with personal accomplishment. [Conclusion]Age,service length,marital status,administration responsibility,technical title,shift and doctor-patient relationship all influence job burnout and job satisfaction of medical workers.Job burnout and job satisfaction affect turnover intention