某聚氨酯生产线职业病危害因素的识别、检测与分析

Identification,Determination and Analysis of Occupational Hazards in A Polyurethane Production Line

目的对聚氨酯生产线在生产、灌注过程中的职业病危害因素进行识别、检测与评价,探讨聚氨酯生产线的职业病危害控制关键因素,为相关行业职业病危害的预防和控制提供依据。方法以某太阳能保温水箱生产基地为调查对象,了解聚氨酯的生产工艺流程、使用原料、辅料、产品和副产品,识别生产工艺过程中存在的职业性有害因素,对该公司聚氨酯生产灌注线可能存在的职业病危害因素进行检测。结果聚氨酯生产线二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯时间加权平均浓度为0.061 mg/m3,超过时间加权平均容许浓度(PC-TWA)的要求;环氧丙烷短时间接触浓度为77.067 mg/m3,超过短时间接触容许浓度(PC-STEL)的要求;环氧乙烷、丙酮和清筒工序丙烯酸符合职业卫生标准的要求。结论聚氨酯生产线职业病危害控制关键因素为二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和环氧丙烷。

[Objective] To identify,determine and evaluate the occupational hazards generated in production and perfusion process of the polyurethane production line and provide evidence for the prevention and control of relative occupation diseases in related industries. [Methods]A production base of solar hot water tank was selected as our investigation object to find out the process,raw materials and accessories,product and by-product of polyurethane.The occupational hazards which existed in the polyurethane production line were identified and detected. [Results]Time weighted average concentration（CTWA）of MDI was 0.061 mg/m3 which exceeded the permissible concentration-time weighted average（PC-TWA）;and the short-term exposure concentration of propylene oxide is 77.067 mg/m3,exceeding the permissible concentration-short term exposure limit（PC-STEL）.The amount of ethylene oxide,acetone,and clearing acrylic tube process were all consistent with occupational health standards. [Conclusion]MDI and propylene oxide are the main occupational hazards to control in the production line of polyurethane.