多元化的拉美文学与拉美文化

Diversified Latin American Literature and Culture

拉美文化是一种混合文化,它具有强大的凝聚力、较少的排他性,因为混合文化的本身就是不同文化因子的组合,比较容易吸收外来的文化。拉美文学中各种不同流派的发生和形成中一个重要的因素是对外来文化的借鉴和吸收,魔幻现实主义便是阿斯图里亚斯、乌斯拉尔.彼特里、卡彭铁尔将法国超现实主义的创作原则用于拉美现实的结果。可以这样说,拉美的各种文学流派是世界文学思潮在拉美的投影,世界上发生的各种文学现象都能从拉美文学中找到对应的东西,但拉美文学从未被其他文学所同化、所取代。拉美文学本身就有一种自我净化的系统,这就是作家的历史使命感和社会责任感,而这种作家的历史使命感和社会责任感便是拉美文学的传统。

Latin American culture is a fusion of various cultural elements,therefore it is a hybrid culture.It exhibits strong cohesion,and assimilates foreign cultures easily,which plays an important role in the forming of different schools in Latin American literature.For instance,literary magic realism resulted from the application of French Surrealist principles to Latin American reality by Asturias,Uslar-Pietri,and Carpentier.In this sense,various literary schools in Latin America are the projections of world literary trends on Latin America.We can find correspondence between various literary phenomena in the world and Latin American literature,but it has never been assimilated or replaced by other literature.It has its own system of self-purification,that is,writers＇ strong sense of historical missions and social obligations,which are the tradition of Latin American literature.