启蒙转向与小说形式的演变

Changes of Direction in the Enlightenment and the Evolution of Fiction Form

伴随着哲学思潮的转折,伏尔泰、卢梭、狄德罗等法国启蒙运动的哲学家们在对小说形式的创造性发展中,加入了对前期启蒙观念的反思,创作了一系列哲理小说、书信体小说、教育小说和对话体小说,思考个体精神状况及现实境遇。小说形式的灵活开放与启蒙思想对宗教迷信、传统偏见、僵化体系、风俗道德的反思与批判结合起来,对启蒙的深入、传播、演化和拓展产生了深远影响。

Following the changes of philosophical thoughts,such philosophers in the Age of Enlightenment as Voltaire,Rousseau,and Diderot created a series of philosophical novel,epistolary novel,Bildungsroman,and dialogic novel in which they reflected on the ideas in the earlier stage of Enlightenment,and contemplate individual spiritual condition and life experience.Innovations in form of novel were combined with critiques of religious superstitions,conventional prejudice,rigid system,and customs and morality,which exerted profound influence on the development and diffusion of Enlightenment.