护理干预对改善慢性阻塞性肺病患者反复住院导致焦虑的效果

Nursing Intervention on Repeated Hospitalization Caused Anxiety of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

目的探索护理干预对缓解、减轻慢性阻塞性肺病患者因反复住院导致焦虑的方法。方法将1年内住院次数≥2次的慢性阻塞性肺病患者随机分为干预组和对照组,每组各25人。对照组采用住院患者常规护理,干预组除采用住院患者常规护理外,并给予加强护患沟通、健康教育、正确给氧、耐寒训练等干预措施。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)对2组患者焦虑状况进行测评。结果 2组患者干预前均有不同程度的焦虑存在,SAS得分均值与常模总分均值比较,明显高于正常人常模(P<0.01),干预后2组患者SAS得分均值之间的比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),干预组焦虑情绪住院期间明显低于对照组。结论反复住院的慢性阻塞性肺病患者均有不同程度的焦虑,采用有效的护理干预措施可明显改善患者的焦虑状态。

[Objective]To explore the method for relieving repeated hospitalization caused anxiety of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）. [Methods]The COPD patients with 2 times of hospitalization within 1 year were randomly divided into intervention group（25 cases） and control group（25 cases）.The control group received routine care.Besides it,the intervention group received additional enhanced nurse-patient communication,health education,proper oxygen supply,cold training and other intervention measures.SAS and HAMA were used for anxiety evaluation [Results]Varying degrees of anxiety existed in COPD patients of 2 groups before intervention.The average score of SAS was significantly higher than average score of the norm（P0.01）.After intervention,the difference of SAS average score between patients of 2 groups was significant（P0.01）.Anxiety in the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group during hospitalization. [Conclusion]Varying degrees of anxiety exists commonly in repeatedly hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Effective nursing interventions can significantly improve the patient＇s anxiety state.