岳阳市5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻病原学分析

Analysis on Viral Pathogens for Diarrhea in Children Under Five Years Old in Yueyang

目的了解岳阳市5岁以下病毒性腹泻儿童中的A组轮状病毒、人杯状病毒、腺病毒及星状病毒4种病毒感染的情况。方法收集2010年岳阳市妇幼保健院住院腹泻患儿粪便90份,采用ELISA法对A组轮状病毒进行检测,用PCR/RT-PCR对人杯状病毒、腺病毒、星状病毒和A组轮状病毒进行分型检测,并对以上腹泻患儿的临床资料进行分析。结果 90份标本中,4种病毒的阳性率:A组轮状病毒为24.4%、人杯状病毒为10.0%、腺病毒为3.3%、星状病毒为0%、混合感染阳性率2.2%,均为A组轮状病毒和杯状病毒混合感染。结论岳阳市5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻的病原复杂,以A组轮状病毒和诺如病毒为主,2岁以下为发病高危人群,同时存在不同病原混合感染的现象,值得关注。

Objective To investigate the infection condition of group A rotavirus, calicivirus,adenovirus and astrovirus among viral diarrhea children under 5 years old in Yueyang. Methods Ninety stool specimens and clinical data were collected from acute diarrhea children hospitalized in Yueyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital in 2010.Group A rotavirus was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）,human calicivirus,adenovirus,astrovirus and G/P serotypes of group A rotavirus were detected by PCR/RT-PCR. Results Among the 90 specimens,24.4% were group A rotavirus positive, 10.0% were calicivirus positive,3.3% were adenovirus positive,and none of them were astrovirus positive.Mixed infection accounted for 2.2% of the total cases,and all of them were mixed infections with group A rotavirus and calicivirus. Conclusions Group A rotavirus and norovirus are the two major pathogens contributing to the virus-induced acute diarrhea in children under five years old in Yueyang.Children under 2 years old are at higher risk of infection.Particular attentions should be paid to patients with mixed infections.