智力低下儿童的病因分析及防治对策

Etiological Analysis and Preventive Measures for Children with Mental Retardation

目的探讨智力低下儿童的病因及防治措施。方法回顾性分析2010年3月-2011年6月湖南省儿童医院收治智力低下儿童82例临床资料,患儿均接受《韦氏学龄前儿童智力量表》进行智力测试及综合评估。结果①82例智力低下儿童,包括轻度智力低下31例(37.8%)、中度智力低下26例(31.7%)、重度智力低下17例(20.7%)、极重度智力低下8例(9.8%)。②82例智力低下儿童,病因发生在出生前、围生期、出生后的患儿分别为26例(31.7%)、27例(32.9%)、24例(29.3%),此外,还有原因不明的患儿5例(6.1%)。结论多种原因可以导致儿童出现智力低下,防治儿童罹患智力低下的关键因素在于抓住病因。

Objective To explore the etiologies and preventive measures for children with mental retardation. Methods The clinical data of 82 mental retardation children who were hospitalized in the Children＇s Hospital of Hunan Province from March 2010 to June 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.And all the children received intelligence test and comprehensive assessment using Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence. Results Among 82 children with mental retardation,there were 31（37.8%） children with mild mental retardation,26（31.7%） children with moderate mental retardation,17（20.7%） children with severe mental retardation,and 8（9.8%） children with very severe mental retardation.Of 82 children with mental retardation, there were 26（31.7%）,27（32.9%）,and 24（29.3%） children whose etiologies for mental retardation happened at before-birth,perinatal period,and after-birth, respectively.Moreover,there were 5（6.1%）children whose etiologies for mental retardation were not identified. Conclusions Many etiologies are able to cause children suffering from mental retardation,and the key factor of keeping children from mental retardation is seizing the etiology.