妊娠期糖尿病的干预与妊娠结局分析

Analysis on Correlation between Intervention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy Outcome

目的探讨控制妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血糖对减少母体及围产儿并发症和改善妊娠结局的意义。方法将131例妊娠期糖尿病治疗组、47例妊娠期糖尿病未治疗组和165例正常孕妇进行比较,分析在孕产妇和围生儿并发症方面有无差异。结果妊娠期糖尿病治疗组只有剖宫产高于对照组(P<0.05)。未治疗组孕产妇的先兆子痫、羊水过多、酮症酸中毒、产后出血、胎膜早破、剖宫产、早产和胎儿宫内窘迫的发生率均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),围产儿的巨大胎儿、新生儿低血糖、高胆红素血症、新生儿窒息的发生率亦均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论重视血糖筛查,及时诊断和治疗妊娠期糖尿病可以有效地降低母儿并发症的发生率。

Objective To discuss the significance of controlling plasma glycemia in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM） for reducing the maternal and fetal complications and improving the pregnancy outcome. Methods We classified pregnant women with GDM into two groups,including 131 cases with treated plasma glycemia and 47 cases with untreated plasma glycemia,and then compared with 165 cases of normal pregnancy to analyze the difference in the maternal and fetal complications. Results Only the morbidity of uterine-incision delivery in treated GDM group was higher than that in normal pregnant women（P〈0.05）,while the morbidities of preeclampsia,polyhydramnios,ketoacidosis,postpartum hemorrhage,premature rupture of membranes,uterine-incision delivery,premature labor,fetal distress in uterus,fetal acrosomia,hypoglycemia of newborn,hyperbilirubinemia,and neonatal asphyxia in untreated GDM group were significantly higher than those in normal pregnant women（P〈0.05）. Conclusions Paying more attention on screening GDM in pregnant women and diagnosing and treating GDM in time can effectively reduce the incidence of maternal and fatal complications.