国家大豆种质资源的适应性研究与利用

Adaptability of the National Soybean Germplasm Resources and its Utilization

为了加快北方地区大豆品种的选育及更新换代,通过3年大田栽培试验,对不同气候因子条件下的国家大豆核心种质资源进行性状鉴定及适应性与利用研究。结果表明,气候因子中降雨量对株高、底荚高度、单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重和百粒重影响显著,但在不同类型的种质间适应性变化存在差异。通过性状鉴定和数据分析,国外极早熟种质在株高、底荚高度和百粒重性状上适应性较为强,国内育成品种和地方品种在产量性状、抗倒性及百粒重性状上适应性较强。根据各性状相关性及适应性,国内育成品种和地方品种应注重在高产、优质、抗性育种及种质创新中的应用;国外极早熟、早熟种质注重在北方高寒地区极早熟大豆品种和有效积温≥2800℃地区夏播麦茬复种超早熟大豆品种选育及种质创新中的应用。

Through cultivated in Fields by 3 years,made the research in the conditions of different factors in countries core his germinal resources and their property survey In order to accelerate the ziyanno and upgrading of soybean in the northern areas of china.,The results is that the rainfall in the climate factor has the significant effect on height,the pods highly,single grain number,monoclonal of heavy,and 100 grain weight,but owes the differences adaptation in the different types of his germinal.Through the property survey and data analysis,the most premature his germinal in abroad has a more flexible in height,the pods highly and 100 grain weight.Domestic and local species breed has the strong adaptation in the output impedance over a hundred heavy,flexible and property of the strong.According to the properties of relevance and adaptability,domestic and local species should pay more attention to the high yields,fine quality,resistant breeding and the application of innovation.His germinal Abroad of very early or more early age pay attention to the usage of the application of precocious soybean species and his germinal innovation in summer of the wheat stubble multiple cropping area in variety and the effective precocious accumulative temperature≥ 2800 ℃ in the precocious.