昆明小鼠旷场实验评价方法的三维结构

Open field test as a method for ethology in Kunming mice： three behavioral dimensions by factor analysis

目的 探讨旷场实验（Open Field Test,OFT）作为昆明小鼠行为学评价方法的结构维度.方法成年雄性昆明小鼠放入旷场箱正中央格,摄像系统记录5 min的行为变化,实验间隔1周进行2次；采用因子分析进行分析评价,实验参数如下：中央区停留时间百分率（ Ctime％）、中央区水平运动百分率（ Ccross％）、水平运动（Cross）、垂直运动（Rear）和粪便粒数（FB）.结果 Ctime％与Ccross％ （P=0.756,P ＜0.001：Pearson=0.869,P＜0.001）、Rear（P=0.694,P＜0.01;Pearson=0.465,P＜0.05）及Cross与Rear（P=0.599,P＜0.01：Pearson =0.739,P＜0.001）初测重测均具有较好组内相关性；Ctime％ （P=0.586,P＜0.01）、Ccross％（P=0.559,P＜0.05）、Cross（P=0.633,P＜0.01）、Rear（P=0.612,P＜0.01）初测重测均具有较好相关性；OFT所有参数初测重测可提取三个公因子：Ctime％、Ccross％对焦虑因子F1贡献大（Loading％：43.34％,48.56％）,Cross、Rear对运动探索因子F2贡献大（Loading％：27.94％,29.30％）,FB对情绪因子F3贡献大（Loading％：21.95％,15.93％）；F1、F2（（P=0.567,P＜0.01；Pearson =0.538,P＜0.05）初测重测相关性亦较好.结论 OFT作为昆明小鼠行为学评价方法,具有三维结构：焦虑因子维度、OFT活性因子维度（运动探索因子）和情绪因子维度.

Objective To explore the behavioral dimensions of the open field test （ OFF）,as a method for ethology in Kunming mice.Methods The behavior of adult,male,Kunming mice in OFF was recorded twice,for five minutes,with a one-week inter-trial interval.The following parameters were evaluated by factor analysis：percentage of time exploring in the central area （Ctime%）; percentage of squares crossing in the central area （Ccross%） ; total number of squares crossing in the whole apparatus（Cross） ; total number of rears in the whole apparatus（Rear） ; and number of fecal boli（FB）.Results There were good intercorrelation and intracorrelation between test and retest for Ctime%,Ccross%,Cross and Rear.Ctime% and Ccross% had significant loadings on “Anxiety” factor （ Loading%：43.34%,48.56% ） ; Cross and Rear loaded on “locomotor-Exploration” factor （ Loading%：27.94%,29.30% ） ; and FB loaded on “Emotionality” factor （ Loading%：21.95%,15.93% ）.A good correlation was found between test and retest for anxiety factor and locomtor-exploration factor.Conclusion Open field test,as a method for ethology in Kunming mice,comprise three behavioral dimensions：anxiety factor,OFF-activity factor（locomotor-exploration） and emotionality factor.