P2嘌呤受体和细胞信号转导

P2 Purine Receptors and Cell Signal Transduction

细胞外的嘌呤(腺苷、一磷酸腺苷、二磷酸腺苷、三磷酸腺苷)和嘧啶是重要的信号分子,通过作用于细胞表面特定的嘌呤和嘧啶受体,发挥着它们的作用。细胞外核苷酸类P2嘌呤受体是比较复杂的受体家族之一,主要以两种形式存在:配体门控离子通道型(P2X)和G蛋白偶联代谢型(P2Y)。P2X受体与细胞信号转导之间的关系相对简单,而P2Y受体则较为复杂。本文就P2嘌呤受体介导和调节细胞内信号转导的机制进行综述。

Purine（adenosine,adenosine monophosphate,adenosine diphosphate,triphosadenine） and pyrimidine are important signaling molecules that play their role through specified purine and pyrimidine receptors on cell surface.P2 purine receptors for extracellular nucleotides belong to one of the complex receptor families,which are divided into two categories： the ligand-gated ion channel receptors（P2X） and the G-protein-coupled metabolic receptors（P2Y）.For P2X receptors,signal transduction appears to be relatively simple,while for P2Y receptors,signal transduction is more complex.These intracellular signaling pathways and their regulation by P2 purine receptors are discussed in this review.