采空区危险性评价的综合方法及工程应用

Comprehensive evaluation of underground goaf risk and engineering application

针对采空区危险性评价的各因素复杂性和不相容性特点,提出通过物元分析与数值模拟相结合的方式对采空区危险性进行综合评价。选取岩体结构、地质构造、岩石抗压强度、水文因素、工程布置、矿体倾角、高垮比、实际采空区体积、埋藏深度、采空区面积、暴露时间、采动扰动情况、相邻采空区情况13个影响因子,引入物元分析理论,构建采空区危险性评价的物元分析模型。以湖南衡阳老鸦巢矿19个采空区为例,首先应用物元可拓方法,构造物元矩阵,根据计算出的关联度对采空区危险性的等级进行可拓识别,进而借鉴数值模拟的方法验证其正确性,定量、可视化研究危险性高的采空区。研究结果表明:数值模拟结果与物元分析结果一致,亦与实际结果相吻合,证明该综合评价方法用于采空区危险性评价是客观的、合理的。

Based on the complexity and incompatibility of indexes in the comprehensive evaluation of underground goaf,the 13 indexes i.e.,rock structures,geological structure,rock compressive strength,hydrological factors,engineering layout,ore body angle,engage in collapse,the actual volume of underground goaf,buried deep,the actual area of underground goaf,exposed time,disturbance of mining activity and the influence of the adjacent underground goafs were combined.A comprehensive estimate method of underground goaf quicksand was established by the matter-element analysis method and numerical simulation.Taking 19 underground goafs of Laoyachao Mine located in Hengyang Hunan for example,first matter-element and extension set was constructed based on matter-element method.The results of risk evaluation were obtained with the dependent degree;and then numerical simulation was used to validate the identification results of matter-element method.The high-risk underground goafs was studied quantificationally and visually.The results show that numerical simulation results are consistent with those of the matter-element analysis and the actual situation.The comprehensive estimate method of underground goaf risk is objective and reasonable.