白洋淀流域“节水-控源-净淀-调控”一体化技术集成

On the integrated manipulation strategy for Baiyangdian Lake restoration of water conservation and pollution-source purification

针对自洋淀流域存在的水环境与水生态问题,以综合集成方法论为指导,从节水、控源、净淀、调控4个单元进行技术集成,并运用多目标优选的数学方法进行技术方案的选择,确立了流域节水模式、污染源控制和负荷削减技术、淀区净化方案以及综合调控方法,并整合水环境健康诊断、水生态安全预警、GIS平台,构建了水生态综合调控决策支持系统。

This paper is aimed to present a technological integrated strategy to improve the water quality of Baiyangdian Lake and reestablish its ecology based on the theoretical principles and integrated re- construct technologies. The technological integrated strategy includes all the aspects, such as water conservation, pollution source control, lake purification and manipulation strategy based on the theory of comprehensive reconstruct and management. A set of multi-purposed optimized methods proposed include analytic hierarchy process（AHP） and the fuzzy optimized selective theory will be used for selecting and deciding applicable technologies, and preparing detailed schemes on regional water saving modes, pollution source control and re-purifica- tion, as well as a comprehensive manipulation policy. As is known, Baiyangdian basin area has been a base of water conservation, where a series of reservoir control and management technologies can be ap- plied to improve the quality of the lake water, such as low-pressure pipe technology. Combined with the function of water irrigation and half-structural and multi-objective fuzzy optimization, we are trying to heighten its water saving mode. The results of our study prove that the agricultural water-saving irrigation technology remains the focus of the water conservation mode, with the anti-seepage project and low- pressure pipe technology being the main facilities. In recent years, it has become more and more popular to apply the Sprinkler Irrigation method to increase the profit of automatic irrigation technology to help the farmers quickly be better-off. In addition, the industrial cooling water recycling system and the reclaimed water reuse facilities have also been adopted. To determine the main industrlal-purposed point source, a comprehensive pollution-reducing index method was pro- posed. The results of our comprehensive study indicate that there were.18 main industrial sources to be put into consideration, includ- ing paper-making, textile, leather-treating, chemical-processing in- dustrial items. Non-point pollution items were mainly focused on the rural domestic sewage discharge, livestock breeding discharge and the use of fertilizers. Pollution source control techniques were screened out based on the analysis of major pollution source. During the screening process, Delphi method was used to simplify the evaluation index system. And, then, lake purification projects to be built in the four regions, with the best technical combination put forward in each region based on the AHP. The paper has also made a discussion on the ways of comprehensive manipulation of the technological items above from the resource, pollution, ecosystem and policy-control per- spectives. Further integration has been studied of the modules of wa- ter environment health diagnosis, safety pre-warning system and＇GIS, a comprehensive integration frame for a water ecology manipulation and technical decision supporting system was produced, which will provide technical supports for the water environment improvement of and ecological restoration of Baiyangdian Lake.