复合式厌氧氨氧化反应器脱氮性能研究

Study on the performance of the hybrid anammox reactor for biological nitrogen removal

采用低速机械搅拌装置,以无纺布作为固定床的填料,把搅拌床与固定床的优点有机结合起来,设计一种复合式厌氧氨氧化反应器.在反应器中,生物滞留量相对较高,微生物的性状由接种时的碎絮状很快转变成颗粒状,短期内反应器系统的脱氮性能迅速提高,启动时间大为缩短.仅用38d,反应器中总氮去除速率稳定增长至1.9kg·m·-3d-1.随后的17d,总氮去除速率倍增至3.8kg·m·-3d-1.反应器运行180d,最大的总氮去除速率达6.6kg·m·-3d-1,比厌氧氨氧化菌活性维持在0.32kg·kg·-1d-1左右.微生物颗粒粒径分布及SEM观测结果表明,低速机械搅拌可很好地促进微生物颗粒的生长.FISH分析显示,微生物颗粒中Anammox菌的含量约为70%.

A hybrid reactor for anaerobic ammonia oxidation （anammox） process was developed which combined a fixed-bed using non-woven fabrics as biomass carrier with a slow speed agitated bed.The performance of higher biomass retention was obtained in the reactor,and the anammox microorganism in a loose flocculating structure before inoculation formed rapidly into granules.The nitrogen removal ability of the reactor increased obviously in the short term,and the start-up time of the reactor shortened greatly.Only in 38 days,the total nitrogen removal rate （TNRR） reached 1.9 kg·m-3·d-1 and then doubled to 3.8 kg·m-3·d-1 within 17 days.During 180 operating days,a maximum TNRR of 6.6 kg·m-3·d-1 was obtained,and the specific anammox activity （SAA） maintained basically in 0.32 kg·kg-1·d-1.The testing results of size distribution and SEM observation confirmed that anammox sludge granulation process can be greatly enhanced in the mechanical stirred reactor at a lower rotating speed.The anammox bacteria content in the microorganism sludge was about 70%,determined by situ hybridization （FISH） analysis method.