太原市城市和农村居民尿液中羟基多环芳烃的浓度比较

Urinary concentration of hydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons among rural and urban residents in Taiyuan City

尿液中的羟基多环芳烃(OH-PAHs)可作为多环芳烃内暴露剂量的指示剂.基于此,分别在采暖期(2009年12月)和非采暖期(2009年9月)采集和分析了我国北方城市——太原市60名城市居民和60名农村居民(男女人数比为1:1,年龄:30～60岁)尿样中6种OH-PAHs的浓度水平.结果表明:太原市城市居民和农村居民尿液中2-OHNap、2-OHFlu、3-OHPhe、9-OHPhe、1-OHPy、3-OHBap的浓度(中位值)分别为8.97、0.34、0.19、0.18、0.34、0.002μmol·mol-1(以肌酐计)和5.01、0.85、0.18、0.24、0.61、0.001μmol·mol-1(以肌酐计).城市居民中,男性尿液中2-OHNap和1-OHPy的浓度水平均高于女性(p<0.05),1-OHPy在采暖期的浓度水平显著高于非采暖期(p<0.05),2-OHNap的季节性差异不大.农村居民中,尿液中各OH-PAHs的浓度水平均为男性高于女性(p<0.05),采暖期尿液中2-OHNap和2-OHFlu的浓度水平高于非采暖期,3-OHPhe、9-OHPhe和1-OHPy的浓度水平则为非采暖期高于采暖期.同时,与国外人群尿液中的OH-PAHs浓度水平相比,太原市居民尿液中的OH-PAHs(1-OHPy、2-OHNap、2-OHFlu和3-OHPhe)平均浓度水平均高于美国人群.城市居民和农村居民对多环芳烃的暴露源不同,致使体内多环芳烃代谢产物的水平也迥异.由于不同环数多环芳烃的致癌强弱不同,因此,建议下一步开展城市和农村居民PAHs外暴露水平研究.

Urinary hydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （OH-PAHs） are internal dose indicators of human exposure to PAH.We recruited 60 urban residents （F/M=1：1,age：30～60） and 60 rural residents （F/M=1：1,age：30～60） in Taiyuan,Shanxi Province and measured 6 OH-PAHs in collected first morning urine samples in heating and non-heating season,respectively.The results showed that the medians of concentrations of 2-hydroxynaphthalene （2-OHNap）,2-hydroxyfluorene （2-OHFlu）,3-hydryxyphenanthrene （3-OHPhe）,9-hydryxyphenanthrene （9-OHPhe）,1-hydroxypyrene （1-OHPy） and 3-hydroxybenzo（a）pyrene （3-OHBaP） were 8.97,0.34,0.19,0.18,0.34,0.002 μmol·mol-1 creatinine in urban residents and 5.01,0.85,0.18,0.24,0.61,0.001μmol·mol-1 creatinine in rural residents,respectively.For urban residents,the concentrations of 2-OHNap and 1-OHPy for males were higher than those for females （p 0.05）.The concentrations of 1-OHPy in heating season were significantly higher than those in non-heating season （p0.05）,while the concentrations of 2-OHNap showed no significant seasonal differences.For rural residents,OH-PAHs for males were higher than those for females （p0.05）.2-OHNap and 2-OHFlu were higher in heating season than those in non-heating season,while 3-OHPhe,9-OHPhe and 1-OHPy were different （p0.05）.The concentrations of urinary 1-OHPy,2-OHNap,2-OHFlu and 3-OHPhe were higher than those for American residents reported by National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals in USA.This study indicated that the levels of OH-PAHs in rural and urban residents were different owing to the different exposure sources of PAHs in different groups.Since toxicity and carcinogenicity of PAHs were different with different structures and rings,external exposure research of PAHs for urban and rural residents were suggested in future studies.