发展的欢歌与实践的悲唱——一个水族村寨的民俗旅游研究

Developmental Happiness and Practical Sorrows:A Folk Tourism Research of a Shui Village

民俗旅游,作为民族地区一种发展的选择,已经成为一种趋势。以一个水族村寨卯村的民俗旅游实践为考察对象,探讨了一个面对政府、市场、新型农民组织等多方参与之下的民俗旅游村的起步、发展和运行状态,并指出随着国家—政府支持的减弱,市场化的加深、内部失衡的严重,这种对村民来说多面向的"发展景观"已令他们无力应对,脆弱的旅游实践面临着解体的危险。深层的也是本文想要引人思考的问题是:依赖传统技能、民间组织和乡土知识的村寨文化生态体系,是否能够以其内在的文化逻辑应对来自外界多方面的输入性压力和新生事物(包括扶贫、文化遗产保护、商业化和市场化的冲击,城市化的进程,以及政府、学者和NGO的乡村发展模式设计)?抑或在这样的压力中他们将丧失自己的文化,变成受外力摆布的"被文化"群体?

Folk tourism, as a choice takes folk tourism practices of a Shui state of developmental stages of a folk for ethnic area development, has become a trend. This paper village named Mao as the object of investigation, discussing the village and new farmer organizations. With the marketization and internal imbalance, the involved in the participation of the government, market weakening of nation-government support, the deepening of villagers can no longer cope with this kind of ＂development landscape＂. The fragile tour practice is facing the danger of disintegration. One more thought-provoking problem is, whether they can adapt to the input pressure and newborn things （including poverty alleviation, preservation of cultural heritage, commercialization, urbanization and rural development models designed by the government, scholars and NGO） by relying on the traditional skills, folk com- munities and local knowledge from cultural eco-system. Or will they lose their own culture under this pressure, becoming a ＂being culture＂ group pushed around by the force outside.？