中希上古神话文化形态探源

Origins of the Cultural Patterns of Myths in Ancient China and Greece

神话是民族智慧的结晶,是民族文化的重要源头,对于一个国家、一个民族的文化形态发展具有巨大影响。中国、希腊两国上古神话在文化发展中呈现整体与个体两种不同的形态,中国注重整体与个体的结合,由后世哲学家发展为整体与个体的有机统一,并成为中国传统文化价值的一个重要原则;后者关注个体的发展,哲学走上认识个体本体的发展道路,为西方社会个人主义发展奠基。

As the crystal of national wisdom and the major sources of cultures,myths had greatly influenced the development of national cultural patterns.Myths in ancient China and Greece evolved into two different patterns： collectiveness and individuality.The combination of the two patterns was emphasized in China and had been developed into an organic unity by philosophers in latter ages.It has become an important principle of Chinese traditional cultural values.However,individuality was focused on in ancient Greece so that individuality ontology became a philosophical subject.This eventually laid a foundation for individualism in the West.