小型景观湖水质模拟及应用研究

Research on water quality simulation and prediction of small scenic water body

由于小型景观水体的体量和再生水补水措施的施行,其水质随环境和入水水质的变化和富营养化过程较大型水体快。由EFDC模型和WASP模型耦合建立小型浅水景观湖生态动力学模型,用实测水质数据进行参数率定与验证,可实现小型景观水体水质变化趋势的模拟,为水质管理提供决策支持。在此基础上,对民主湖在几种水质保障方案下1年的水质变化进行了模拟预测和对比,结果表明,作为富营养化程度表征的叶绿素a在空间和时间分布上均存在一定的规律性,夏季由于温度升高,叶绿素a浓度较高,说明藻类等浮游植物迅速增殖,是水质恶化水华暴发的高发期,而采取加大湖水水力循环和改善入口水质的控制方案,可使水质得到良好保障。

For size and using of gray water, the water quality of small scenic water body is relatively changed faster with environment conditions and inflows than larger and deeper water body. The eutrophication progress is also faster in small scenic water. EFDC and WASP model can be linked to establish hydro-quality model to simulate and predict the water quality variation of small scenic water body. The model was calibrated and verified by field test data and applied to Minzhu Lake under different water quality control strategies. The resuits showed obvious spatial and temporal distribution of chlorophyll-a concentration. At higher temperature in summer, higher chlorophyll-a concentration shows that phytoplankton such as allege grows quickly, which is the peak period of algal bloom and water quality deterioration. Strategies such as increasing the hydraulic circulation and improving the inflow water quality will achieve good effects in water quality management.