高温超导电机转子冷却技术的研究

Cooling Technology of Rotor of High Temperature Superconducting Electrical Machines

本文针对高温超导电机关键技术之一的转子冷却技术,从旋转管道流动和池沸腾的基本理论出发,对现有的集中式旋转热管、浸泡式冷却方式和三种新型的冷却方式即:分布式旋转热管、分层开放式蒸发冷却和旋转管道蒸发冷却,总结并建立了分别适用于这些转子冷却方式的沸腾换热模型;另外对于旋转管道蒸发冷却的流体动力学问题,参照静止两相流流动阻力的计算模型来分析这种冷却方式的流动阻力。在模型计算、载荷和漏热等边界条件基础上,采用ANSYS温度场静态计算模块对各种冷却方式进行了仿真,得到各种工况的温度分布。建立了一台能实现五种高温超导电机冷却方式的综合性实验平台,对五种冷却方式进行了详细的换热和流动的实验研究,从温升和分布均匀度而言,浸泡式冷却的效果最好,其他几种方式次之。同时对比实验数据与仿真结果,表明理论模型能较为准确地预测实验结果。

Cooling technology of rotor is a key technology for high temperature superconducting electrical machines.Based on the theory of rotating piping flow and pool boiling,the heat transfer principles of cooling methods are proposed,which are including integrated rotating thermosyphon,distributed rotating thermosyphon,immersion cooling,layered open evaporative cooling,and rotating piping evaporative cooling,respectively.The temperature distributions of cooling methods of rotor section are simulated by ANSYS steady state model.An experimentally integrated test platform adaptable to five cooling methods is designed and built up.Experiments on characteristics of heat transfer and flow are investigated.The performances of five cooling methods were contrasted,and the results are that immersion cooling makes the best performance and the others are different with it.Moreover,the experimental results are compared with the simulated ones.It is verified that the simulations could match the experiments well.