基于生态行为与栖息地选型的珍稀野生动物影响及保护研究

Based on Ecological Behavior and Habitat Selection of Influence and Protect Rare Wild Animals

对四种珍稀涉禽类野生动物对宝中线黄河铁路特大桥影响响应机制进行研究。结果表明,四种珍稀野生动物对铁路运营已适应,并在河心滩、河岸滩范围内形成了两种截然不同的选择偏好性区域,野生动物对铁路桥的趋避距离在100-120 m以上,通过改变影响区滩地地表植被群落结构特征以及对栖息地进行异地重建的方式可以降低和消除铁路运营对野生动物的影响。在此基础上本文认为,在铁路工程野生动物影响评价过程中,应首先根据野生动物生态行为对受影响动物群落进行筛分,选出敏感控制因子作为评价重点对象,同时根据区域自然环境、工程内容等方面进行分析论证影响水平,最后以此为基点提出针对性的保护措施。

With the four kinds of rare wild animals bay-mouth to treasure the midline of the Yellow River railway super major bridge study responding mechanisms influence. The results show that four of rare wild animals railway operation, and has adapted to the river bend heart beach, river within the scope of riverbeds formed two completely different choice partial preference area, wild animals in the distance on railway capacity-sharing 100 -more than 120m by changing south-facing influence area, community structure characteristics and the ground vegetation to habitat for relocated way to reduce and eliminate railway operation on wild animal＇s influence. On this basis, this paper argues that the railway engineering wildlife impact assessment process, should first according to wildlife behavior affected animal community screening control factors, to select the sensitive as evaluation with key object.