寒地水稻芽期耐碱鉴定指标分析与筛选

Analysis and Screening Evaluation Indexes for Alkaline Tolerance of Rice at Germination Period in Cold

利用浓度为0.20%的Na2CO3+NaHCO3混合碱对173份水稻材料做发芽试验处理,结果表明:胚根对碱胁迫反应最敏感,相对胚根长平均值仅为0.276,相对根干重为0.348;碱环境下发芽率较其他指标变化不明显;供试材料间相对芽鞘长差异较大,但芽鞘对碱环境的反应与耐碱性无关。通过各指标与耐碱级别的相关系数分析,认为影响耐碱级别划定的重要指标有相对芽干重、相对芽长、相对根干重、相对胚根长、相对根条数。通过逐步回归分析确定相对芽长、相对芽干重和相对根干重是水稻芽期耐碱的3大指标,用其可建立耐碱级别判定方程:Y=9.234-4.506X1-2.167X2-2.621X3;还可以相对芽长、相对胚根长、相对根条数、相对芽干重、相对根干重5项鉴定指标建立耐碱级别判定方程:Y=11.251-3.674 7X1-1.641X2-1.179X3-3.900X4-1.973X5,两方程结合应用则判定结果更加准确。分析显示,种质资源交流可丰富基因多样性,同时还可提高新品种的耐盐碱性能及其他抗逆性。

This research conducted germination treatments of 173 materials by using a mixed alkali of concentration 0.20% Na2CO3 ＋ NaHCO3 in riee, the results showed that radicle was most sensitive to alkaline stress, the relative mean value of radicle length only was 0. 267, the relative root dry weight was 0.348. Germination capacity didn＇ t change significantly than other indicators in alkaline environment. The influence of eoleoptile length was larger for different materials, but eoleoptile length had nothing to do with alkaline tolerance to alkaline stress. Through analysing each index and correlation coefficient of alkaline tolerance levels, the result showed that relative germination dry weight, relative germ length, relative root dry weight, relative radicle length and relative root number were looked as important evaluation indexes of influence defined alkaline tolerance levels. The three indexes of alkaline tolerance were relative plumule length, relative germ dry weight and relative root dry weight through regression analysis at germination period in rice, and the regression equation was Y = 9. 234 -4. 506 X1 -2. 167 X2 -2. 621 X3 as judged alkaline tolerance levels. Also the judgement equation of alkaline tolerance levels was established by five evaluation indexes, they were relative plumule length, relative radicle length, relative root number, relative plumule dry weight and relative root dry weight, the regression equation was Y = 11. 251 - 3. 674 7 X1 - 1. 641 X2 - 1. 179 X3 - 3. 900 X4 - 1. 973 X5 ,the determined results were more accurate with two regression equations to joint application. The analysis showed that exchang germ- plasm resources, not only riched genetic diversity, but also improved alkaline tolerance and other stress resistanee of new varieries in rice.