胰高糖素样肽1的生理作用及其在2型糖尿病药物治疗中的前景

Physiological function of glucagon-like petide-1 and its therapeutical future in type-2 diabetes mellitus

肠促胰素是肠道在进食后分泌的一类激素,胰高糖素样肽1(G LP-1)是主要的肠促胰素,通过葡萄糖依赖的方式促进胰岛素分泌、抑制胰高糖素分泌、延缓胃排空和增加饱腹感等作用维持体内血糖的稳定。本文从G LP-1的生理作用出发,比较传统药物治疗2型糖尿病(T2D M)的局限性,探讨基于肠促胰素机制的药物的优点,如以其独特的作用机制同时作用于T2D M的多个病理生理靶点,在全面有效降低血糖的同时,减少低血糖的发生并减轻体重,安全性和耐受性良好,能改善胰岛β细胞的功能。新近的糖尿病治疗指南已将其列入T2D M的治疗药物。

Incretins are a group of gastrointestinal hormones secreted after food-intake.Glucagon-like petide-1（GLP-1） is one of the major incretins.GLP-1 stabilizes blood sugar lever through a glucose-dependent manner by enhancing insulin secretion,inhibiting glucagon secretion,slowing gastric emptying and increasing satiety.It can also improve the function of β cells in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.In this paper,we aim to discuss the limitation of the traditional drug therapy on the treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus,and its relation to the physiological function of GLP-1.Furthermore,the unique mechanisms,that incretins mediated medication on type-2 diabetes mellitus by targeting multiple pathophsiological sites,are also discussed.Apart from its effectiveness on lowering blood glucose level,GPL-1 has also been shown to reduce the incidence of hypoglycemia,reduce body-weight,good safety and tolerance,and improving β cells function.GLP-1 has been recommended in treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus according to the recently published Treatment Guidelines for Diabetes Mellitus.