子宫内膜癌的诊断

Diagnosis of endometrial cancers

子宫内膜癌主要表现为绝经后阴道流血。阴道超声是首选的影像学检查方法,与诊断性刮宫和宫腔镜配合,可对诊断起到互补作用。术前磁共振成像能辅助内膜癌诊断及分期。确诊则依靠子宫内膜组织病理学检查。细胞学、内膜取样及血清标志物的发展有望实现子宫内膜癌的早期诊断。

Most patients who have endometrial cancer present with postmenopausal uterine bleeding. The preferred transvaginal ultrasonography, combined with dilation and curettage or hysteroscopy, can increase the rate of confirmed diagnosis of the disease. Magnetic resonance imaging plays a role in the diagnosis and staging as well. While final diagnosis de- pends on results from endometrial biopsy. Further developments in cytology, endometrial sampling and serum biomarkers are expected to achieve the early diagnosis of endometrial cancer.