屈光矫正及正透镜对近视学生外隐斜影响的临床分析

An analysis on the influence of refractive correction and convergent lens on exophoria of myopic students

目的研究青少年学生近视标准矫正前后外隐斜的异常状况及正透镜对外隐斜的影响作用。方法选取151名10～15岁近视患者在裸眼及戴矫正眼镜和戴矫正眼镜加+1.50D透镜看近的隐斜度及戴矫正眼镜半年后复查。所有实验对象配戴初、配戴6个月后应用遮盖法及三棱镜联合Maddox杆法分别测量患者裸眼及配戴眼镜时固视33 cm处点光源时的偏斜度,将所得数据用t检验、单因素方差分析以及SNK检验统计学方法处理。结果 151例近视患者在裸眼和戴矫正眼镜条件下看近的隐斜度,戴矫正眼镜时外隐斜明显减少,再加+1.50D透镜后近隐斜度明显增加。配戴矫正眼镜6个月后外隐斜检出率明显低于矫正前。结论经标准屈光矫正后可以减少看近时的外隐斜度,矫正眼镜再加正透镜后近隐斜度增加。从调节和集合平衡的观点出发,及时标准配戴矫正眼镜是防治近视患者外隐斜的有效方法。正透镜的应用应采取慎重态度。

Objective： To study the situation of exophoria for teenagers and the effect of plus lens on it.Methods： 151 students from 10 to 15 years old were chosen as objects to investigate the situations with and without correcting spectacles,and with correcting spectacles combined with an additional ＋ 1.50 D lens.The amount of heterophoria on near（33cm） fixation was measured by using phorometer（Maddox rod and rotary prism） for all objects.All data were treated by t-test,one-way ANOVA and SNK-test.Results： 151 cases of myopia in the naked eye and with corrective glasses had less heterophoria,those with corrective glasses had less exophoria,and exophoria significantly decreased together with ＋1.50 D lenses.Exophoria correct detection rate was significantly lower than before with corrective glasses after 6 months.Conclusion：The standard refractive correction lens can decrease exophoria,and corrective glassed can increase heterophoria in recent implicit gradient.From the point of view of regulation and balanced,wearing corrective glasses is an effective method for the control of myopia exophoria.The application of the lens should be cautiously applied.