5种方法筛查入境旱獭皮携带鼠疫菌的对比分析

Comparison of five approaches to screening imported marmot skins for Yersinia pestis

目的采用5种检测方法筛查入境旱獭皮携带鼠疫情况,通过阳性检出率比较5种方法在旱獭皮携带鼠疫菌检测中的的敏感性,从而找出适合口岸入境旱獭皮鼠疫菌快速检测的方法,并根据检测结果对入境旱獭皮进行评估,提出检疫建议。方法细菌学培养、反向间接血球凝集试验(RIHA)、胶体金快速试验、上转磷光免疫层析试验(UPT)和聚合酶链反应(PCR)。结果细菌学培养和胶体金试验阳性率均为0,RIHA阳性率为0.74%,UPT阳性率为0.56%,PCR阳性率为0.87%;PCR、RIHA检测方法检出率较高,UPT检出率较低。结论在部分陈旧性旱獭皮中携带有鼠疫菌抗原成分,目前尚不能排除新鲜旱獭皮携带鼠疫菌的可能性,因此对入境旱獭皮需要实施必要的消毒、熏蒸等卫生检疫处理措施。

Objective To compare five methods in screening Yersinia pestis carried by imported marmot skins based on their sensitivities calculated by the positive rates,and identify a rapid detection suitable to port environments and inform further quarantine practice.Methods Bacterial culture,reverse passive hemagglutination test（RIHA）,colloidal gold rapid test,phosphorescent immunochromatography test（UPT） and polymerase chain reaction test（PCR） were applied and compared.Results The positive rate of Y.pestis was 0 for bacterial culture and the colloidal gold test,0.74% for RIHA,0.56% for UPT and 0.87% for PCR.The detection rate was higher in PCR and RIHA but lower in UPT.Conclusion In view of the Y.pestis antigens carried in some old marmot skins,the possibility of viable Y.pestis on the fresh marmot skins cannot be ruled out at present.Therefore,it is important to take quarantine measures,such as disinfection and fumigation,for each imported marmot skin.