农牧交错区微地形对土地利用空间格局的影响研究

The Impact of Microtopography on the Land Use Pattern in the Agropastoral Ecotone

研究目的:揭示农牧交错区微地形对土地利用空间格局的影响。研究方法:GIS空间分析和分类统计。研究结果:由于微地形的影响,研究区土地利用空间格局有明显的分层现象,尤其是在北部和中部,稍高出地面的小丘上是耕地,低一点的地方是草地,再低一点的地方便是沼泽地、盐碱地、湖泡。1935—2008年耕地分布与高程关系显示,海拔135—145 m的耕地所占比重有逐渐减少趋势,而海拔130—135 m和145—155 m的耕地分布比重有逐渐增加趋势,耕地有向海拔低处和高处两极扩张的趋势。研究结论:研究区特殊的地形与水气关系,使得微地形对土地利用空间格局影响显著,高程引起了土地利用空间格局呈现分层现象,而坡度因子影响较小。

The purpose of this paper is to reveal the impact of microtopography on the land use pattern in the agro-pastoral ecotone. Methods of spatial analysis and classification of statistical functions of GIS were used. The result showed that the land use pattern in the case area was an obvious stratification pattern caused by the microtopography, especially in the northern and central region. The high level areas were most cultivated land, the middle-level areas were grassland, and the lowest-level areas were swamps, saline-alkali soil, and lakes. Furthermore, the relationship between the altitude and the location of cultivated land showed that the cultivated land were less located between 135 to 145 m, on the contrary they were more located at 130-- 135 m and 145 -- 155 m. The location of the cultivated land had an trend to expend to high altitude and low altitude areas. The paper concludes that the special relationship between topography and vapor within study area is the main reason for the land use spatial pattern affected by microtopography.In other words, altitude causes an obvious stratification of land use pattern, while slope causes less effect.