我国体育运动伤残风险及其防范研究——基于2007年～2010年优秀运动员伤残互助保险索赔数据

China Sports Injury Risk and Preventive Measures——Based on Injury and Disability Claims of Mutual Insurance for Elite Athletes

收集2007年～2010年我国优秀运动员体育运动伤残5 657组案例,采用数理统计法和比较分析法,构造并计算运动伤残率、重伤率和死亡率指标,以此刻画我国体育运动伤残风险,并将其与其他行业伤残状况相比较。结果表明:我国体育运动伤残风险呈现"两低一高"特征:低伤残率、低死亡率、高重伤率;各运动项目伤残风险存在较大差异。在体育伤残的伤情分布和保险给付分析基础上,构建预警机制与多层次保险相结合的运动员伤残风险管理对策。

Based on the literature and statistical reports from 2007 to 2010,5657 sports injury cases of elite athletes were collected. The injury indicators, such as the sports injury rate, the injury severity rate and the death rate, were calculated with a comparative analysis approach and mathematical statistics method. All of these indicators were set up to demonstrate the frequency and the severity of sports injury. The indicators were compared with other professions. The results showed that the sports death rate and the injury rate of elite athletes was lower than the national average,but there was a great difference for different kinds of sports and some sports＇injury rates were higher than the national average. Meanwhile the sports injury severity rate of elite athletes was higher than that of all other pro- fessions. This meant that whenever the injury occurred, the injury severity probability was higher for athletes than others due to long-time training and intense antagonism of the sports. So building up the prevention system and a multi-tiered insurance system are the best strategy for sports injury management according to the injury distribution and the insurance payments.