1989-2010年吉林省靖宇县肾综合征出血热流行特征及防制对策

Epidemiological Characteristics and Control Strategy of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in Jingyu 1989-2010

目的研究靖宇县肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的流行因素、流行规律,为有效防制疫情提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对本县历年HFRS流行病学特征进行分析。结果 1989-2010年本县HFRS年平均发病率为8.29/10万,死亡率0.03/10万,病死率1.98%。发病季节高峰为双峰,5-6月占24.60%;11-12月占37.30%。发病以20～50岁年龄组为主,农民居多。结论大力开展灭鼠活动,加强个人防护,以接种HFRS疫苗为主的综合性防制措施,可降低HFRS的发病率、死亡率。加强鼠间疫情、人间疫情监测和预测预报,加大健康教育宣传力度,提高HFRS疫苗接种率和覆盖率,加强基层医务人员的初诊辩证能力,对控制HFRS发生和流行具有重要意义。

Objective To study the epidemiological factors and patterns of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome（HFRS） in Jingyu,provide the evidence for the effective control.Methods Descriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFRS in the past years in Jingyu.Results The average annual incidence rate,mortality rate and fatality rate of HFRS were 8.29/lakh,0.03/lakh,1.98%,respectively in Jingyu from 1989 to 2010.The epidemic peaks were from May to June（occupying 24.60%） and from December to November（occupying 37.30%）.The cases mainly distributed in 20-45 age group and the farmers were most be affected.Conclusion The incidence rate and the mortality rate could be decreased by strengthening the preventive approaches combined with mouse-killing,improving individual protection and vaccine inoculation.It＇s been proved of great significance to strengthen disease surveillance and forecast,enhance health education increase HFRS vaccination coverage rate,and enhance the basic unit medical personnel＇s first diagnosis to distinguish sickness ability for the HFRS control.