经皮肾穿刺造瘘术临床应用的护理观察

Clinical application and nursing observation of percutanous nephrostomy technique

目的探讨经皮肾穿刺造瘘术(PCN)术后相关并发症的发生情况及护理措施。方法回顾性分析162例行PCN患者的临床资料,观察术后并发症发生情况及护理措施。结果 162例患者行PCN的首次成功率为98.4%,平均手术时间为(90.0±11.5)min,平均出血量为(50.0±8.2)mL,平均住院时间(8.0±1.5)d,总体并发症发生率为9.8%,其中严重并发症发生率仅为1.2%(2例),其中1例发生严重出血,1例发生感染性休克;轻度并发症发生率8.6%(14例),血尿2例,尿路感染6例,引流管脱出梗阻6例。结论 PCN具有手术创伤小、疗效好、操作安全及并发症少的优点,适合临床广泛应用。

Objective To investigate the associated complications and nursing measures of percutaneous nerphrostomy（PCN）.Methods Retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics of 162 patients after PCN treatment was done.Postoperative complications and nursing measures were observed.Results The first incubation ratio of 162 patients after PCN was 98.4%,mean operation duration was（90±11.5min）,mean bleeding volume was（50±8.2mL）,mean hospitalization time was（8±1.5 days）,and the overall complication ratio was 9.8%（16/162） with 1.2%（2/162） severe degree and 8.6%（14/162） mild degree.There was only one patient with severe bleeding complication and infectious shock.In addition,there were 2 cases with hematuria,6 cases with urinary tract infection and 6 cases with drainage tube obstruction.Conclusion PCN has less surgical trauma,good curative effect,safer operation and less complications,which is suitable for wider clinical applications.