大气CO_2浓度升高对农产品品质影响的研究进展

Effects of elevated CO_2 concentration on the quality of agricultural products: A review

大气中不断升高的CO2浓度以及人类饮食的营养质量是目前我们面临的两个重大问题.目前,大气中CO2浓度已达到380μmol·mol-1,预测到2050年大气CO2浓度将达到550μmol·mol-1.农产品的品质不仅取决于遗传基因,而且受生长环境条件的影响.大量研究表明,农作物的生长发育和产量形成都对CO2浓度升高做出了响应,而且这种变化对农产品的品质也产生了重要影响.本文对目前国内外模拟CO2浓度升高对农产品品质影响研究中采用的常见方法进行了比较,并综述了近年来在CO2浓度升高对水稻、小麦、大豆和其他一些蔬菜类农产品品质影响方面的研究进展.大量试验结果表明,CO2浓度升高条件下,大宗作物籽粒中蛋白质含量下降,微量元素总体上有下降趋势,而蔬菜类农产品的品质有一定程度改善.最后,本文根据目前研究现状对一些问题进行了讨论并提出了今后的研究方向.

The increasing concentration of atmospheric CO2 and the nutritional quality of human diets are the two important issues we are facing. At present, the atmospheric CO2 concentration is about 380 μmol·mol-1, and to be reached 550 μmol·mol-1 by 2050. A great deal of researches indicated that the quality of agricultural products is not only determined by inherited genes, but also affected by the crop growth environmental conditions. This paper summarized the common methods adopted at home and abroad for studying the effects of CO2 enrichment on the quality of agricultural products, and reviewed the research advances in evaluating the effects of elevated CO2 on the quality of rice, wheat, soybean, and vegetables. Many experimental results showed that elevated CO2 concentration causes a decrease of protein content in the grains of staple food crops and an overall decreasing trend of trace elements contents in the crops, but improves the quality of vegetable products to some extent. Some issues and future directions regarding the effects of elevated CO2 concentration on the quality of agricultural products were also discussed, based on the present status of related researches.