天津地区染发者变态反应性皮炎的调查分析

Allergic dermatitis to hair dyes： an analysis of 597 cases in Tianjin

目的通过对天津地区染发者的流行病调查，了解染发剂变态反应性皮炎的发病情况和流行病特点。方法对在天津医科大学总医院门诊就医者、天津医科大学在校学生、居委会及美发厅染发者共597例发放问卷调查表．以了解其个人资料、染发方式、染发地点和所使用的染发剂类型等相关内容。结果597例染发者中．女485例，男112例．平均年龄41岁（16～74岁）。其中69例出现了染发剂变态反应，女51例，男18例．平均年龄44岁（19～65岁）。初次染发年龄的中位数为40岁（3～74岁）。将染发剂变态反应者和未变态反应者染发地点进行比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。选择黑色染发剂和选择彩色染发剂染发者变态反应情况比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论使用黑色染发剂者更容易发生变态反应。

Objective To investigate the morhility and epidemic characteristics of hair dye dermatitis in individuals who dyed their hair in Tianjin. Methods Questionnaires were distributed to the outpatients in the Gerneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, students and teachers in Tianjin Medical University, residents in the community and customers in barber shop from Aug. 2007 to Mar. 2008. The personal data including the methods and site of coloring hair and something correlated to hair dyes were investigated. Results A total of 597 cases with the history of coloring hair were enrolled in the study, including 485 women and 112 men, with mean age of 41 years （ranged from 16-74 years）. Among 597 cases, 69 cases had allergic reactions to hair dye, including 51 women and 18 men, with mean age of 44 years （ranged from 19 65 years）. The median age of the first coloring hair was ,40 years （ranged from 3-50 years）. The comparison between the sites of coloring hair had no statistic significance （P 〉0.05）, but there was a significant difference between black dyed hairs and color dyed hairs （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions People with black hair dye are prone to be allergic.