基于CT断层影像的颅骨解剖结构三维重建

Virtual Human Skull Model： A Three Dimensional Reconstruction Method Based on CT Serial Images

目的：基于CT颅脑断面连续影像,利用Mimics 8.01软件对颅骨进行三维重建,为解剖学教学和研究提供模型.方法：利用Mimics软件对CT颅脑影像中的骨组织进行自动阈值分割后,对重建出的颅骨进行自动分割,分割出舌骨结构.对于其他颅骨结构,在Mimics软件中的三个方位CT图像中,利用定位线结合解剖学中的颅骨毗邻关系,找出区分毗邻颅骨之间的定位点.然后,根据事先规划的不同结构的分割颜色,人工描出相应的颅骨所在区域.随后,对分割出的各个颜色区域进行三维重建,重建出主要的脑颅骨和面颅骨结构,并分别在计算机上对上述结构进行观察.结果：成功对颅骨的结构分别以不同颜色进行分割,并分别重建出额骨、颞骨、枕骨、顶骨、蝶骨、筛骨、鼻骨、泪骨、上颌骨、下颌骨、腭骨、舌骨结构,在计算机中进行任意角度和单独观察.结论：基于CT颅脑断面影像可以对颅骨进行三维重建,为数字化颅骨解剖教学及颅脑手术导航奠定基础.

Objective ：To make three dimensional reconstruction of skull with Mimics8. 01 based on CT cranial serial images to provide models for anatomical study and research. Methods：Mimics software was used to make automated threshold segmentation of bone tissue in CT cranial images. After skull reconstruction, the hyoid bone was split automatically. While to other skull bones, in three different panels of CT images under Mimics, locating line combined with anatomical knowledge of skull bone relations were used to detect the locating point between two neighboring bones. Then, the separate region of bones was manually marked in different colors designed before. The main neurocranium and facial cranium structures were reconstructed and observed in computer. Results：The skull composed bones such as frontal, temporal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, ethmoid, nasal, lacrimal, maxilla, mandible, jaw, hyoid bones were successfully segmented with different colors and constructed, which could be observed arbitrarily in computer in single or combination form. Conclusions： Virtual skull model can be reconstructed based on CT cranial serial images, which provides basis for digital skull anatomy teaching and cranial surgical navigation.