颈胸交感神经的解剖及临床意义

Anatomy of the cervicolhoradc sympathetic nerves and its clinical significance

目的通过对颈、胸交感神经的大体和显微解剖，观察交感神经的位置与毗邻关系，为临床治疗提供依据。方法对30具60侧成人尸体标本作解剖学研究，观察其与周围相邻组织结构的关系和位置，以及交感神经节之间的联系。结果颈交感干与椎动脉、臂丛神经存在广泛交通支；上胸段交感神经多位于相应的肋间，随着节段下移，出现在下位肋骨上缘或者表面的几率逐渐增高。颈胸交感神经节之间还存在额外的交通支。结论切除交感神经可治疗由交感神经过度兴奋引起的多种病症，但切除的范围难以确定。颈胸交感神经节之间可能存在相互代偿作用，相互影响。

Objective To study the gross and microscopic anatomy of the eervicothoracic sympathetic nervous system and its relative position to the adjacent structures and provide theoretic basis for clinical treatraent. Methods Thirty adult cadavers were dissected to detect the position of the cervicothoracic sympathetic nerve and the rehtionship between it and its surrounding tissues. Results Truncus sympathieus cervicalis had extensive anastomosis with the vertebral artery and brachial plexus. The upper thoracic sympathetic nerves were mostly located at homologue inter-costal level. However, the probability of appearing on the upper border or surface of the rib one level below increased as the segment gradually moves down. Additional communicating branches between cervical sympathetic ganglia and thoracic sympathetic ganglia also existed. Conclusion Sympathectomy can be a treatment to diseases induced by sympathetic nerve hyperexcitability. However it is difficult to determine the range of sympathectomy since compensation and interaction may exist between cervical sympathetic ganglia and thoracic sympathetic ganglia.