五四时期男性知识分子社群之女性想象的时差——从《新青年》到《文社月刊》

The Male Intellectual Community's Imagination of Women in the May 4th Movement Period——from the New Youth to the Monthly Journal of Culture and Society

清末民初,中国已经开始大量的性别论述,发言的主体也不仅止于男性,女性在此论述空间开始展开其发言权。早期的女学思想可以《饮冰室文集》里的论述为代表,倡导透过对女性的教育(所谓的"女学"),一方面养成贤妻、良母;另一方面使女性经济独立,从而建立幸福家庭,造就富强国家。《新青年》同样也注意这一方面的议题,不仅设立一个"女子问题"的专栏,且由女性执笔论述,上个世纪20年代基督教的重要出版物《文社月刊》,对于当时中国社会性别的状态特别是对于女性地位与未来发展的建构提出他们的构想,透露出当代的(男性)基督徒在书写中模拟的女性形象与企图形塑的理想愿景。

By the end of the Qing dynasty and the beginning of the People's Republic,there had been much discussion on gender,particularly on a variety of issues related to women,involving marriage,family,society,education,economy,and politics.The main part of the speaking body is not confined to males,women having begun to make their voices heard in the space mentioned above.Liang Qichao advocated educating women – the so-called women studies – in order to make virtuous wives and loving mothers on the one hand and to get women economically independent for happy families and a strong country on the other.The New Youth not only set up a special column devoted to women issues,but left it in the charge of women writers.The Monthly Journal of Culture and Society offered its ideas of the status quo of the then social gender of China and,in particular,its conception of female status and its proposal on its future development.