秦汉“比地于伍”及其制度机理的变迁

Bidiyuwu and the Change of its Institutional Mechanism in the Qin and Han Dynasties

使百姓"比地于伍"乃秦汉政权控制基层社会的有效手段之一。秦及西汉前期特定的社会结构和个体自我意识的泛化使其有罪相举的制度机理有效运作。西汉中期后,其制度性外壳依旧,但随着社会结构的变化和儒家理念的影响,从实践层面上看",比地于伍"的作用机理在悄然发生变化。

The system of organizing common people on a five-family basis was one of the effective measures for the governments of the Qin and Han dynasties to control the grass-roots society.In the Qin dynasty and early Western Han dynasty,the specific social structure and the generalized individual self-awareness made well operative the institutional mechanism of exposing each other's crimes and sharing punishment.From the middle period of Western Han dynasty on,despite its institutional shell,the mechanism of the system of organizing common people on a five-family basis practically underwent quiet change under the influence of the social structure shift and the Confucian ideology.