“理智化”的偏见:胡适与反省现代性

The Prejudice of "Reason":Hu Shih and Examination of Modernity

在新文化运动主要推动者中,唯有胡适对反省现代性始终深闭固拒,这是颇耐人寻味的。马克思主义的社会革命论与反省现代性,二者虽不可同日而语,但缘于反省资本主义文明,彼此又是相通的。也惟其如此,李大钊、陈独秀得以借反省现代性作为必要的思想铺垫,最终转向马克思主义;反之,胡适既不能接受反省现代性,也就更不可能认同马克思主义,这在逻辑上也是势所必然。明白了这一点,便不难理解,"五四"后的胡适虽然仍不失为反传统的斗士,但已少了新时代的创意。胡适之"累",不仅在于"自由主义",还在于固执"理智化"的偏见:拒绝反省现代性,即反省近代西方资本主义文明,缘此也弱化了自己的思想张力。

In the movement of new culture,Hu Shih rejected modernity.Marxist social revolution and examination of modernity are the same in the examination of capitalist civilization,so Li Da-zhao and Chen Du-xiu turned to Marxism by way of examination of modernity,and Hu Shih rejected the examination of modernity,and nor did Marxism,which is a must in logic.We can say that Hu Shih was against the tradition,but he had no color of times.Hu Shih had not only ＂liberalism＂ but also the prejudice of ＂reason＂,namely,rejecting the examination of modernity,thus leading to his poor tension of thought.