社区血脂异常人群粗杂粮膳食干预2年效果的评价

Evaluation on dietary intervention in a community dyslipidemia population for two years

目的:对基层社区卫生服务机构为代谢异常人群实施2年的粗杂粮膳食干预作出评价。方法:对所辖7个社区常住1 249名中老年人筛查出的856名血脂异常者,对249名志愿者按社区分层随机分为干预组(95人)和对照组(154人)。干预组每人每天摄入100 g(湿质量)粗杂粮馒头,含有膳食纤维12 g左右,同时减少100 g原来主食;对照组保持原来的膳食不变,不作干预。结果:粗杂粮膳食干预2年后,干预组的血总胆固醇(TC)水平下降(-0.31±1.00)mmol.L-1、甘油三脂(TG)水平下降(-0.15±1.12)mmol.L-1和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)水平增加(0.04±0.67)mmol.L-1,明显优于对照组[分别为(-0.16±1.38)、(-0.08±1.50)、(0.03±0.32)mmol.L-1,均P<0.05];干预组人群超重率、肥胖率和腹型肥胖率的下降明显大于对照组(P<0.05);同时干预组人群的空腹血糖(FBG)降低有效率、血脂下降有效率也明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:社区粗杂粮膳食干预具有简便易行、安全有效、费用低廉、居民依从性好等特点,是社区慢性病防治干预的良好途径和方法。

Objective： To evaluate the effects of a two-year community dietary intervention on dyslipidemia population in a community health service center.Methods： The intervention group ate 100 g（wet weight） coarse grains steamed bread,containing dietary fiber about 12 g,while reducing 100 g originally staple food.The control group kept the original dietary unchanged,not giving intervention.Results： After two years of coarse grains dietary intervention,the blood total cholesterol（TC）（-0.31±1.00）mmol·L-1,triglycerides（TG） level decreased significantly（-0.15±1.12）mmol·L-1 and high-density lipoprotein（HDL） level increased significantly（0.04±0.67）mmol·L-1 in the intervention group,significantly better than the control group[（-0.16±1.38）,（-0.08±1.50）,（0.03±0.32）mmol·L-1,P0.05].The decline of overweight rate,obesity rate and abdominal obesity rate in the intervention group obviously higher than those in the control group（P0.05）.Meanwhile the decreasing rate of blood sugar（FBG） and the lipid of the intervention group were also significantly greater than that of the control group（P0.05）.Conclusion： Community coarse grains dietary intervention is very easy,safe,effective,economic and having good compliance,which is a good approach and method for preventing and intervening dyslipidemia.