陈确的性善论

"Human Nature Is Good" of Chen Que

宋儒对儒学创新之一在于构建自己的心性论,这对于深化儒学,应对佛教挑战具有双重意义。但在具体论述或提法上也不乏疏失,清初诸儒大都对此有所辩驳,陈确也不例外。其基本观点是服膺孔孟尤其是孟子,主张性与情才气统一,反对彼此割裂,不赞同性的二元论,构建自己的性善一元论。与此同时又发挥《周易》"继善成性"的观点,着力在孟子所讲的尽心、尽性、尽才、扩充角度诠释性善,使性善落到实处,这与晚明王学末流空谈性善迥然不同。

The contribution to Confucianism of Song Confucians was building up their theory of mind and nature,which deepened the Confucian theories and answered challenge of Buddhism.But the theory itself was not mature that is criticized by Qing Confucians,including Chen Que.His point of view was according to Confucian and Mencius,especially Mencius;he claimed that Xing（nature）,Qing（emotion）,Cai（talent） and Qi（vigor） were in combination and he was against breaking up them from each other.He did not agree with the dualism of nature and tried to build up his monism of nature.At the same time,he developed the idea of ＂Ji Shan Cheng Xing＂（succeeding goodness to accomplish nature） from Yi jing（the changes） and from an angle of Mencius＇ Jin Xin（exert mind）,Jin Xing（exert nature）,Jin Cai（exert talent） and extended to explain Xing Shan（original goodness of human nature） into a feasible matter.It was widely different from empty sayings of Xing Shan by the late school of Wang Yangming.