汉代政治型都市文化的形成及其对经济型都市的影响

The Formation of Political-type Urban Culture in Han Dynasty and Its Impact on Urban Economy

西汉的长安城不仅是一座行政中心,而且在我国古代城市化进程中象征北方政治型都市模式的开创,这一大都会的形成与当时西北地区的文化生态环境也有关。适宜的政治气候加上各种人文因素构成了早期政治型都会的特征:首先,它的城市基本布局和功能处处彰显了北方政治伦理文化的基本特征;其次,长安城内各阶层的生活状态体现了政治礼乐文化的浸染;再次,长安的城市文艺活动,尤其是文学也彰显出当时这座都会以政治为中心的风貌。长安都市文化的意义正在于此,它成为我国历史上较早的人居条件较为适宜、依据皇权独断和政治等级而展开的古代都市。同时,政治型都市文化在当时也构成了对江南经济型都市文化的压制。

Chang＇an city in West Han was not only an administrative center,but also symbolized the creation of a political model of the northern city in the process of urbanization in ancient China;the formation of the city was also relevant cultural and ecological environment in Northwest.Appropriate political climate coupled with a variety of human factors constituted the type of early political characteristics： first,its basic layout and functions everywhere in the city highlighted basic characteristic of political and ethical culture in the North;second,living conditions of Chang＇an city in different classes reflected political and ritual dipping;third,cultural activities in Chang＇an city,especially literature also highlighted its style as a political center.All above were exactly about the meaning of urban culture in Chang＇an city.It became an earlier ancient city in our history with more appropriate living conditions,arbitrary and political hierarchy based on imperial power.Meanwhile,the political-type urban culture also constituted a repression to Jiangnan economic-type urban culture.