德国“公营造物”理论与高校管理

Germany's "public facilities" theory and college management

在德国行政法上,"公营造物"是一种非营利性的提供特定社会服务的行政机构。德国公立大学是"公营造物"的一种典型类型。根据公营造物理论,德国公立大学实施国家监督与大学自治,高校教育关系是一种基本权利保障下的特别权力关系,学校内部规则的制定遵循法律保留原则与比例原则。德国高校"公营造物"管理模式,对于厘清中国高校的法律地位及规范高校内部规则制定权具有重要借鉴意义。

In German administrative law, ＂public facility＂ is a non-profit administrative body to provide specific social services, of which German public university is one typical type. According to the theory of ＂public facilities＂, the public universities in Germany are in the implementation of national monitoring and university autonomy; and the higher education relationship is a special power relationship under the safeguard of basic rights and rule-making within the school should follow the law retainment principle and the proportion principle. The ＂public facility＂ management style of German universities has an important significance for reference in aspects of clarifying the legal status of universities and regulating internal rulemaking 13ower in universitis.