油茶雄性不育优良无性系选育研究

Research on selection of superior male-sterile clone of Camellia oleifera

以油茶雄性不育无性系为材料,对其产量性状、遗传特性、开花和花粉等生物学特性进行了研究。结果表明:油茶雄性不育无性系花粉粒有较多皱缩不规则形状,是发育不全或不够饱满的花粉粒,影响其萌发力,且花粉外壁厚度比可育优良无性系花粉外壁厚度薄;油茶雄性不育无性系并非完全不可育,而是其花粉活力远低于正常可育优良无性系;RAPD分子标记表明油茶雄性不育系的很多遗传性状与普通油茶有明显的区别,与优良无性系1,3,12的亲缘关系较近。

A superior male-sterile clone of Camellia oleifera was taken as tested material,its yield traits,genetic character,flowering and pollenbiological characteristics were studied.The results show that pollen grains have more shrinkage irregular shape and was a hypoplasia or less full of pollen,those affected its germination power,pollen exine of male-sterile line was thickness than the superior clone＇s.The results also indicate that male-sterile clone of Camellia was not entirely non-sterile,but its pollen activity was far lower than the normal fertile pollen fine clone＇s.By using RAPD molecular markers,it was found that many genetic traits of ＂MS＂ system were siginificantly different from common Camellia oleifera trees but had close relationship with superior clones 1,3,12.