急性脑梗死后并发肺炎相关因素分析

Analysis of the correlative factors for pneumonia of acute ischemic stroke patients

目的分析急性脑梗死后并发肺炎的危险因素。方法分析710例急性脑梗死患者的临床资料,评估脑梗死后发生肺炎的风险。结果 710例患者中并发肺炎161例(22.7%),多变量Logistic回归分析提示年龄、吸烟、慢性支气管炎病史、卒中病史、吞咽困难、鼻饲、大面积脑梗死和意识障碍以及低白蛋白血症等是急性脑梗死后发生肺炎的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论老年、吸烟、饮酒、慢性支气管炎病史和卒中病史、吞咽困难、鼻饲、大面积脑梗死、意识障碍和低白蛋白血症是脑梗死后肺炎的重要预测因素。因此,及早识别和干预尤为重要,可以减少病死率、减少住院日、改善预后。

Objective To investigate the risk factors for pneumonia in acute cerebral infarction patients. Methods The clinical data about a total of 710 acute cerebral infarction patients were retrospectively analyzed and the risk factors for pneumonia after cerebral infarction were assessed. Results Among 710 cases,161 were complicated by pneumonia（22.7%） and the multivariable logistic regression analyze revealed that nine variables（older age,smoking,chronic bronchitis,stroke history,dysphagia,nasogastric tube feeding,massive cerebral infarction,unconsciousness and lower level of serum albumin） were determined as independent risk factors（P0.05）. Conclusion The most important risk factors of poststroke pneumonia were observed as older age,smoking,alcohol drinking,chronic bronchitis,stroke history,unconsciousness,dysphagia,nasogastric tube feeding,massive cerebral infarction and lower level of serum albumin.Identification and treatment of initial stages were obvious important to reduce the hospital stay and case-fatality rate and improve the prognosis.