某部甲型肝炎病毒感染调查分析

Investigation of hepatitis A virus infection in a certain army

目的调查某部甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)在新兵人群中的感染状况,为预防策略提供科学依据。方法根据分散选点、整群抽样的原则,确定某部2008—2009年入伍新兵共计1 040人为调查对象。通过专人询问并填写统一的流行病学调查表,采集调查对象静脉血3～5ml,分离置于-20℃保存备用。统一采用ELISA方法检测调查对象血清中抗HAV-IgG、抗HAV-IgM。结果 1 040人受检人员抗HAV-IgM均为阴性,抗HAV-IgG阳性率68.2%,抗HAV-IgG阴性率31.8%;入伍第1年新兵402人,抗HAV-IgG阳性176人(43.8%),抗HAV-IgG阴性226人(56.2%);入伍第2年新兵638人,抗HAV-IgG阳性536人(84.0%),抗HAV-IgG阴性102人(16.0%);不同籍贯新兵抗HAV-IgG阳性率无显著差异;城市新兵抗HAV-IgG阳性率78.8%、农村新兵抗HAV-IgG阳性率45.5%。结论部队预防HAV,应将重点放在入伍第1年及农村入伍的新兵,对这部分人群有必要进行甲型肝炎疫苗接种。

Objective To investigate the situation of HAV infection in recruits of a certain army,and provide the scientific evidence for further prevention strategy. Methods According to the principle of selecting area dispersedly and cluster sampling,1040 recruits of a certain army who enlisted from 2008 to 2009 were ascertained investigate object.They were investigated by specialist inquiry and filling in unified epidemiology examination table.3-5ml vein blood were collected and abstracted from investigated recruits which was stored at-20℃.ELISA was performed to detect anti-HAV IgG and anti-HAV IgM of investigated recruits. Results Anti-HAV IgM of all the 1040 detected recruits were negative,however the positive rate and negative rate of anti-HAV IgG were 68.2% and 31.8% respectively.The positive rate and negative rate of anti-HAV IgG of 402 recruits in the first year were 43.8%（176/402） and 56.2%（226/402） respectively.But those of 638 recruits in the second year were 84.0%（536/638） and 16.0%（102/638） respectively.There was no significant difference in anti-HAV IgG positive rate among the recruits from different origin.Anti-HAV IgG positive rate of recruits from cities were 78.8% but 45.5% from village. Conclusion The great importance of prevention from HAV should be attached to the recruits in the first year and the recruits from village.Hepatitis A（HA） vaccination immunization should be implemented to this part of the recruits.