寄生虫病综合防治示范区鞭虫感染影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors of Trichuris trichiura infection in demonstra tion plots of comprehensive control of parasitic diseases

目的了解寄生虫病综合防治示范区鞭虫感染的主要影响因素,为改进鞭虫感染防治措施提供依据。方法应用非条件Logistic回归分析,对寄生虫病综合防治示范区基线调查数据库中的相关数据进行单因素和多因素分析。结果单因素分析显示,饮用水源类型、家庭厕所类型、农田用肥方式、菜地用肥方式、便后洗手、生吃蔬菜瓜果、检查前服用过驱虫药等7个因素均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中,生吃蔬菜瓜果具有高度危险作用(OR=2.302);便后洗手和检查前服用过驱虫药具有保护作用(OR值分别为0.904和0.664);农田和菜地施用化肥(或混合肥)较施人畜粪肥保护作用明显(OR值分别为0.864和0.854);饮用井水和泉水具有一定的保护作用(OR值分别为0.843和0.567);室内简易厕和沼气池对鞭虫感染也具有保护作用(OR值分别为0.576和0.687)。多因素分析显示,鞭虫感染的主要影响因素包括生吃蔬菜瓜果、农田用肥方式、菜地用肥方式和检查前服用过驱虫药4个因素。结论寄生虫病综合防治示范区人群鞭虫感染的主要影响因素是生吃蔬菜瓜果和农田(菜地)用肥方式,服用驱虫药可以降低鞭虫感染率,改水和改厕措施可在一定程度上降低人群感染风险。

Objective To understand the main risk factors of Trichuris trichiura infection in plots carrying out the integratedcontrol of parasitic diseases.Methods The simple and multiple unconditional logistic regression were applied to analyze relateddata from the database of baseline survey in demonstration plots carrying out the integrated control of parasitic diseases.ResultsThe results of simple logistic regression analysis suggested that the effects of 7 factors to Trichuris trichiura infection were significant（all P values were less than 0.05）,namely drinking water resources,toilet type,fertilization type of farmland,fertilization typeof vegetable field,washing hands after defecation,eating raw vegetables,melons and fruits and taking anthelminthic before exami nation.Among the factors above,eating raw vegetables,melons and fruits was of high risk（OR = 2.302）,washing hands after defeca tion and taking anthelminthic before examination were two protection factors（with OR of 0.904 and 0.664,respectively）.Comparedto feces of human and livestock,fertilizing chemical fertilizer and compound fertilizer in farmland and vegetable field showed moreobvious protection effect（with OR of 0.864 and 0.854,respectively）.Drinking well water and spring water were two protection fac tors（with OR of 0.843 and 0.567,respectively）.Simple toilet indoor and biogas pool also showed protection effect（with OR of0.576 and 0.687,respectively）.Multivariate analysis showed that four factors including eating raw vegetables,melons and fruits,fer tilization type of farmland,fertilization type of vegetable field and taking anthelminthic before examination were determined to bethe main influencing factors of Trichuris trichiura infection.Conclusions The main influencing factors of Trichuris trichiura infec tion in demonstration plots for the integrated control of parasitic diseases include eating raw vegetables,melons and fruits and fertil ization type of farmland and vegetable field.Besides those,taking anthelminthic could reduce Trichuris trichiura infection of thepopulation,meanwhile,sanitary water supply and latrine improvement could also reduce the risk of infection.