清代河道总督的职责

The Research of the Riverway Governor 's Responsibility in the Qing Dynasty

清代河道总督,也称总河、河督,于顺治元年(1644年)初设,光绪二十八年(1902年)裁撤,是专门负责河务的最高军政长官。清代河道总督的主要职责:一是对运河的管理;二是对黄、淮等自然河道的治理。同时,河道总督也监管地方治安、赈济灾民等,这些职责在清朝初期立足未稳和晚期内忧外患之际所发挥的作用尤为明显。

The Riverway Governor of the Qing Dynasty,also called Zonghe or Hedu,was initially established on the first year of Shunzhi＇s reign and cancelled on the 28-th year of Guangxu＇s reign.He was the highest military and administrative official in governing waterway.The Riverway Governor of the Qing Dynasty had two primary responsibilities： governing the Great Canal and fathering the riverway of the Yellow River and the Huai River.Besides,supervising and managing the local public security and reliving the disaster also fell into the governor＇s responsibility.These responsibilities played an obvious role in the early and late Qing Dynasty.