酚醛树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备及其泡沫的研究

Study on phenolic resin/montmorillonite nanocomposites and its foams

采用原位聚合的方法将酸化的蒙脱土(H-MMT)与酚醛树脂(PF)进行复合,制成剥离型酚醛树脂/蒙脱土(PF/MMT)纳米复合材料和其泡沫体。用XRD和TEM对复合材料的结构进行研究,并对复合材料泡沫体的性能进行了测试。结果表明:H-MMT与酚醛树脂复合后能形成剥离型PF/MMT纳米复合材料,制成的泡沫中的MMT片层发生了取向化,形成了一种蒙脱土片层包裹气泡的结构,因此加固了气泡壁,提高了泡沫的压缩强度,降低了泡沫的掉渣程度。另外,由于蒙脱土片层的纳米效应,PF/MMT纳米复合材料的热稳定性也得到了提高。但是当H-MMT含量大于7%时,MMT片层就会有团聚现象,影响泡沫性能。

Acidulated montmorillonite（H-MMT） and phenolic resin were used to prepare exfoliated phenolic resin/montmorillonite nanocomposites and its foams by in-suit polymerization.The structure of nanocomposites was characterized by XRD and TEM,the mechanical property of foams was measured as well.The results showed that MMT layers possessed a certain orientation in exfoliated phenolic resin/montmorillonite nanocomposite foams,which formed a structure that bubbles were wrapped around by MMT layers.So the bubble wall in foams was reinforced,the compressive strength of foams was increased,and the degree of pulverization was decreased.Besides,due to nano-effects of MMT layers,the thermostability of PF/MMT nanocomposites was improved.But when the content of H-MMT was above 7%,MMT agglomeration appeared,that affected the performance of nanocomposite foams.