敦煌北朝龛楣图案演变及其装饰特征

The development of Dunhuang patterns of niche in The Northern Dynasties and adornment characteristic

龛楣图案作为敦煌装饰图案的一个种类,虽然主要存在于北朝和隋代,但它作为一种特定的适合图案其纹样造型的组合非常巧妙和谐,具有极强的艺术性。其纹样内容、图案构成形式和装饰色彩与佛龛的形制、结构乃至洞窟形制的历史演变有着密切的关系,在不同时期呈现出特定的历史时代风貌。通过对敦煌龛楣图案发生、发展的过程进行分析研究,可以认识到龛楣装饰图案的宗教性、建筑性、装饰性以及民族性特征,是宗教性、功能性和艺术性的统一。

As a kind of Dunhuang patterns design, patterns of niche have strong artistic quality, its combination of pattern and mold making are very harmonious. Its motif, conformation and decoration color have closely matched to the shapes of shrine and building and have much to do with the development of Buddhist shrines building. To do much of research and analysis on the developing process of niche patterns, we can see its characteristics in religious,architectural,decorative and nationality nature. In a word, patterns of niche are unity of religious,functionality and artistic quality.