马铃薯黑痣病菌菌丝融合群的鉴定

Identification of Anastomosis Groups of Rhizoctonia solani on Potato Plant

从马铃薯种植区的部分县市分离纯化得到44个马铃薯黑痣病病原菌立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani Kühn)菌株,经核相测定均为多核菌株。通过与标准菌株AG-1-ⅠA、AG-1-ⅠB、AG-2-1、AG-2-ⅢB和AG-3的菌丝融合试验,最终将44个菌株分为3个菌丝融合群,即AG-3、AG-1-ⅠB和非融合类,AG-3和AG-1-ⅠB分别占测定菌株的86.36%和2.27%,非融合类占测定菌株的11.36%。说明马铃薯黑痣病菌的优势菌群是AG-3融合群。通过对峙培养,又将AG-3融合群的所有菌株划分为16个不同的营养亲和群。AG-3-5所占测定菌株的比例最高,为15.79%;AG-3-1、AG-3-2和AG-3-8各占测定菌株的13.16%;AG-3-3、AG-3-4、AG-3-6、AG-3-7和AG-3-9占测定菌株的5.26%;AG-3-10、AG-3-11、AG-3-12、AG-3-13、AG-3-14、AG-3-15和AG-3-16仅占测定菌株的2.63%。

Forty-four strains of Rhizoctonia so/aniwere isolated from the potato planting area of the main potato production counties and cities of different provinces. They were all the polynuclear strains. They were divided into three anastomosis groups through hypha mating with standard strains, AG-1- I A, AG-1- I B, AG-2-1, AG-2-IIIB and AG-3. The frequency of AG-3 was 86.36% of all the tested strains, which indicated that AG-3 was the major anastomosis group of R. so/ani on the potato. The frequency ofAG-1- I B was 2.27%, and the non-fusion strains were accounting for 11.36% in frequency. Sixteen vegetative compatible groups of AG-3 strains were determined by their behaviors on PSA medium. Of these, AG-3-5 was the major vegetative compatible group （15.79% of total AG-3 anastomosis group）, followed by AG-3-1, AG-3-2 and AG-3-8 （13.16%）, AG-3-3, AG-3-4, AG-3-6, AG-3-7 and AG-3-9 （5.26%）, and then AG-3-10, AG-3-11, AG-3-12, AG-3-13, AG-3-14, AG-3-15 and AG-3-16 （2.63%）.